Title and Copyright Information
 
About This Manual
Audience
New and Changed Features
Organization
Related Documents
Reader's Comments
Conventions
 
Part 1 -- Management Information
 
1    Overview to Network Administration
1.1    Administrative Methods
1.1.1    SysMan Menu
1.1.2    Manually Editing Configuration Files
 
2    Basic Network Connections
2.1    Network Environment
2.2    Preparing for the Configuration
2.2.1    Information for Interfaces and Daemons
2.2.1.1    All Network Interfaces
2.2.1.2    Token Ring Interface
2.2.1.3    NetRAIN Interface
2.2.1.4    rwhod Daemon
2.2.1.5    routed Daemon
2.2.1.6    Gateways File
2.2.1.7    gated Daemon
2.2.1.8    IP Router
2.2.2    Information for Network Files
2.2.2.1    Static Routes File (/etc/routes)
2.2.2.2    Hosts File (/etc/hosts)
2.2.2.3    Hosts Equivalencies File (/etc/hosts.equiv)
2.2.2.4    Networks File (/etc/networks)
2.3    Configuring the Network Components
2.3.1    Configuring Network Interfaces
2.3.2    Configuring the rwhod Daemon
2.3.3    Configuring the routed Daemon
2.3.4    Configuring the gated Daemon
2.3.5    Configuring the System as an IP Router
2.3.6    Configuring the Static Routes File
2.3.7    Configuring the hosts File
2.3.8    Configuring the hosts.equiv File
2.3.9    Configuring the networks File
2.3.10    Configuring IP Aliases
2.4    NetRAIN Interfaces
2.4.1    Configuring NetRAIN
2.4.1.1    Hardware Restrictions and Configuration
2.4.1.1.1    NetRAIN and MAC Address Licensing Schemes
2.4.1.1.2    NetRAIN and Microsoft Windows NT Clients
2.4.1.2    Configuring the NetRAIN Interface
2.4.2    Monitoring NetRAIN Activity
2.5    Configuring Multiple Network Interfaces in the Same Subnet
2.6    Enabling Access Filtering on an Interface
2.7    Monitoring the Local Host's Status
2.8    Displaying and Modifying the FDDI Parameters
2.9    Managing Token Ring Source Routing
2.10    Displaying and Modifying the Token Ring IP MTU Size
2.11    Managing Network Quality of Service
2.11.1    Managing the Traffic Control Subsystem
2.11.2    Managing RSVP
2.11.2.1    Starting and Stopping rsvpd
2.11.2.2    Adding and Deleting Network Interfaces
2.11.2.3    Displaying RSVP Session Information
 
3    Asynchronous Transfer Mode
3.1    ATM Environment
3.1.1    Classical IP Environment
3.1.2    LAN Emulation Environment
3.1.3    IP Switching
3.2    Planning ATM
3.2.1    Verifying That the ATM Subsets Are Installed
3.2.2    Configuring ATM into the Kernel
3.2.3    Preparing for the Configuration
3.2.3.1    Adapter Information
3.2.3.2    Classical IP Information
3.2.3.3    LAN Emulation Information
3.2.3.4    IP Switching Information
3.3    Configuring ATM
3.3.1    Configuring an ATM Adapter
3.3.2    Configuring Classical IP
3.3.2.1    Editing the /etc/atmhosts File
3.3.2.2    Adding Hosts to the hosts Database
3.3.2.3    Running the ATM Configuration Application
3.3.2.4    Configuring the Classical IP Logical Interface
3.3.2.5    Adding Static Routes (SVC only)
3.3.2.6    Verifying the PVC Configuration (PVCs only)
3.3.3    Configuring LAN Emulation
3.3.3.1    Editing the /etc/atmhosts File
3.3.3.2    Adding Hosts to the hosts Database
3.3.3.3    Running the ATM Configuration Application
3.3.3.4    Configuring the LAN Emulation Logical Interfaces
3.3.4    Configuring IP Switching
3.3.4.1    Editing the /etc/hosts File
3.3.4.2    Running the ATM Configuration Application
3.3.4.3    Configuring the IP Switching Logical Interfaces
3.3.4.4    Adding Routes
3.4    Managing the ATM Environment
3.4.1    Managing ATM Networking and Displaying Information About ATM Networks
3.4.2    Managing the Signaling Module
3.4.3    Managing the Classical IP Environment
3.4.4    Managing the LAN Emulation Environment
3.4.4.1    Managing LAN Emulation Clients
3.4.4.2    Displaying the LE-ARP Table
3.4.5    Managing IP Switching
 
4    Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
4.1    DHCP Environment
4.1.1    DHCP Parameter Assignment
4.1.2    DHCP and Security
4.2    Planning DHCP
4.2.1    Verifying Installation of the DHCP Software
4.2.2    Preparing for the Configuration
4.2.2.1    Server/Security Parameters
4.2.2.1.1    IP Ranges
4.2.2.1.2    Host name list
4.2.2.2    Information for Basic DHCP Parameters
4.3    Configuring a DHCP Server
4.3.1    Configuring Server/Security Parameters
4.3.2    Configuring IP Ranges
4.3.3    Configuring Host Name Lists
4.3.4    Configuring a Subnetwork
4.3.5    Configuring a DHCP Client Node
4.3.6    Setting Group Parameters
4.4    Starting the DHCP Server (joind)
4.5    Starting the DHCP Client
4.6    Monitoring DHCP Client Configuration
4.7    Mapping Client IP Addresses Permanently
4.8    Restricting Access to the DHCP Server
4.9    Configuring a BOOTP Client
4.10    Disabling DHCP Address Assignment
 
5    Point-to-Point Connections
5.1    Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP)
5.1.1    SLIP Environment
5.1.2    Planning SLIP
5.1.2.1    Verifying the Hardware
5.1.2.2    Preparing for the Configuration
5.1.3    Configuring SLIP
5.1.3.1    Configuring a Dial-In System
5.1.3.2    Configuring a Dial-Out System
5.1.4    Terminating a SLIP Dial-Out Connection
5.2    Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP)
5.2.1    PPP Environment
5.2.1.1    Chat Scripts
5.2.1.2    PPP Options
5.2.1.3    Authentication
5.2.2    Planning PPP
5.2.2.1    Verifying the Hardware
5.2.2.2    Verifying PPP Support in the Kernel
5.2.2.3    Preparing for Configuration
5.2.3    Configuring a Dial-Out System with PPP
5.2.3.1    Setting Up Initial Communications for a Dial-Out System
5.2.3.2    Creating Options Files for a Dial-Out System
5.2.3.3    Setting Up Authentication for a Dial-Out System
5.2.3.3.1    Creating Entries in the PAP Secrets File
5.2.3.3.2    Creating Entries in the CHAP Secrets File
5.2.3.4    Setting Up Message Logging
5.2.3.5    Initiating and Monitoring a PPP Connection
5.2.3.5.1    Connecting to a Microsoft NT Remote Access Server
5.2.4    Configuring a Dial-In System with PPP
5.2.4.1    Setting Up Initial Communications for a Dial-In System
5.2.4.2    Creating Options Files for a Dial-In System
5.2.5    Terminating PPP Connections
5.3    Guidelines for Using Modems
5.3.1    Using the Correct Modem Cables
5.3.2    Configuring a System for Dial-In Access
5.3.2.1    Setting Up a Modem for Dial-In Access
5.3.3    Configuring Your System for Dial-Out Access
5.3.3.1    Creating Entries in the /etc/remote File
 
6    Local Area Transport Connections
6.1    LAT Environment
6.1.1    Types of LAT Connections
6.1.2    Controlling Access in a LAT Network
6.1.3    Specifying Passwords for Remote Services
6.1.4    Load Balancing
6.2    Planning LAT
6.2.1    Verifying That the LAT Subset Is Installed
6.2.2    Verifying DLB Support in the Kernel
6.2.3    Preparing for the Configuration
6.3    Configuring LAT
6.4    Starting and Stopping LAT
6.5    Creating a LAT Startup File
6.6    Customizing the inittab File
6.7    Running LAT Over Specific Network Adapters
6.8    Setting Up Printers
6.8.1    Setting Up the Printer on a Terminal Server
6.8.2    Testing the Port Configuration
6.8.3    Setting Up a Service Node for the Printer
6.8.4    Setting Up the Print Spooler on the Service Node
6.8.5    Testing the Printer
6.9    Setting Up Host-Initiated Connections
6.9.1    Setting Up the System for Host-Initiated Connections
6.9.2    Program Interface
6.10    Setting Up Outgoing Connections
6.10.1    Setting Up the System for Outgoing Connections
6.10.2    Program Interface
6.11    Setting Up the LAT/Telnet Gateway
6.12    Creating Dedicated or Optional Services
6.13    Providing a Dedicated tty Device on a Terminal
6.13.1    Setting Up a Dedicated tty Device
6.13.2    Removing a Dedicated tty Device
 
7    Domain Name Service
7.1    DNS Environment
7.2    Planning DNS
7.2.1    Server
7.2.2    Client
7.3    Configuring DNS
7.3.1    Configuring a Master Server
7.3.2    Configuring a Slave Server
7.3.3    Configuring a Caching-Only Server
7.3.4    Configuring a Forward-Only Server
7.3.5    Configuring a Stub Server
7.3.6    Configuring a DNS Client
7.4    Deconfiguring DNS
7.5    Modifying the svc.conf File with svcsetup
7.6    Updating DNS Data Files on the Master Server
7.7    Obtaining Host Name and IP Address Information
7.7.1    The nslookup Command
7.7.2    NIC whois Service
 
8    Network Information Service
8.1    NIS Environment
8.2    Planning NIS
8.2.1    Verifying That the Additional Networking Services Subset is Installed
8.2.2    Preparing for the Configuration
8.2.2.1    Master Server
8.2.2.2    Slave Server
8.2.2.3    Client
8.3    Configuring NIS
8.3.1    Configuring an NIS Master Server
8.3.2    Configuring a Slave Server
8.3.3    Configuring an NIS Client
8.3.4    Modifying the svc.conf File with svcsetup
8.3.5    Modifying or Removing an NIS Configuration
8.4    Managing an NIS Server
8.4.1    Adding an NIS Slave Server to a Domain
8.4.2    Removing an NIS Slave Server from the Domain
8.4.3    Adding a New User to an NIS Domain
8.4.4    Updating an NIS Map
8.4.5    Adding an NIS Map to a Domain
8.4.6    Removing an NIS Map from a Domain
8.4.7    Modifying the /var/yp/Makefile File
8.4.7.1    Adding an Entry
8.4.7.2    Deleting an Entry
8.4.8    Restricting Access to NIS Data
8.5    Managing an NIS Client
8.5.1    Changing an NIS Password
8.5.2    Obtaining NIS Map Information
 
9    Network File System
9.1    NFS Environment
9.1.1    Distributing the hosts Database
9.1.2    Automount and NFS
9.1.2.1    NIS and automount Maps
9.1.2.2    Local automount Maps
9.1.2.3    WebNFS
9.2    Planning NFS
9.2.1    Server
9.2.2    Client
9.3    Configuring NFS
9.3.1    Configuring an NFS Server
9.3.2    Configuring an NFS Client
9.4    Deconfiguring NFS
9.5    Managing an NFS Server
9.5.1    Export Guidelines
9.5.2    Exporting a File System or Directory
9.5.3    Halting Export of a Directory or File System
9.5.4    Enabling Client Superuser Access to Files
9.5.5    Sending Mail to Superuser (root) Across NFS
9.5.6    Enabling Port Monitoring
9.5.7    Monitoring the NFS Load
9.6    Managing an NFS Client
9.6.1    Mounting a Remote File System or Directory
9.6.2    Using automount to Mount a Remote File System
9.6.2.1    Specifying automount Arguments
9.6.3    Unmounting a Remote File System or Directory
 
10    UNIX-to-UNIX Copy Program
10.1    UUCP Environment
10.2    Planning UUCP
10.2.1    Verifying the Correct Hardware
10.2.2    Preparing for the Configuration
10.2.2.1    Information for Connections
10.2.2.2    Information for Outgoing Systems
10.2.2.3    Information for Incoming Systems
10.3    Configuring UUCP
10.3.1    Configuring Connections
10.3.2    Configuring Outgoing Systems
10.3.3    Configuring Incoming Systems
10.3.4    Configuring the Poll File
10.3.5    Configuring the uucico Daemon
10.4    Monitoring the File Transfer Queue
10.4.1    Getting Queue Status Manually
10.4.2    Getting Queue Status Automatically
10.4.3    Guidelines for Checking Queue Status
10.5    Cleaning Up the Spooling Directories
10.5.1    Cleaning Up Directories Manually
10.5.2    Cleaning Up Directories Automatically
10.5.3    Guidelines for Removing Files
10.6    Viewing Log Files
10.7    Cleaning Up sulog and cron/log Files
10.8    Limiting the Number of Remote Executions
10.9    Scheduling Work in the Spooling Directory
10.9.1    Starting uusched Manually
10.9.2    Starting uusched Automatically
10.10    Calling File Transfer Programs (uudemon.hour)
10.11    Polling Remote Systems (uudemon.poll)
 
11    Network Time Protocol
11.1    NTP Environment
11.2    Planning NTP
11.2.1    Server Information
11.2.2    Client Information
11.3    Configuring NTP
11.4    Enabling the High-Resolution Clock
11.5    Monitoring Hosts Running the xntpd Daemon
11.6    Monitoring Hosts Running the ntpd Daemon
11.7    Querying Servers Running NTP
 
12    Mail System
12.1    Mail Environment
12.1.1    Directing Outgoing Mail to Servers
12.1.2    Handling Incoming Mail to the Domain
12.1.3    Delivering Mail to Clients
12.1.4    Distributing the aliases File
12.1.5    Distributing the passwd File
12.1.6    Handling DECnet Mail
12.2    Planning Mail
12.2.1    Verifying that Required Protocols are Installed
12.2.2    Verifying that Required Services are Configured
12.2.3    Preparing for the Configuration
12.2.3.1    General System Information
12.2.3.2    Protocol Information
12.3    Configuring Mail
12.3.1    Configuring a Standalone Mail System
12.3.2    Configuring a Mail Client
12.3.3    Configuring a Mail Server
12.3.4    Adding a New Mail Host
12.4    Post Office Protocol
12.4.1    Installing POP
12.4.2    Migrating to the New POP3 Implementation
12.4.2.1    Migrating from MH POP3
12.4.2.2    Migrating from Qualcomm POP3
12.4.3    Configuring a POP Mail Account
12.4.4    Changing Login Authentication
12.4.5    Administrative Tools
12.4.6    Directory Structure
12.5    Internet Message Access Protocol
12.5.1    Installing IMAP
12.5.2    Configuring IMAP Mail Accounts
12.5.3    Migrating Users from UNIX and POP3 Mail
12.5.4    Administrative Tools
12.5.5    Directory Structure
12.5.6    Mailbox Namespace
12.5.7    Access Control Lists
12.5.8    Quotas
12.5.9    Partitions
12.6    Mail Utilities
12.7    Monitoring the Mail Queue
12.8    Archiving the Mail Queue
12.9    Administering and Distributing Alias Information
12.10    Displaying Mail Statistics
 
13    Simple Network Management Protocol Agent
13.1    SNMP Environment
 
Part 2 -- Problem Solving Information
 
14    Solving Network and Network Services Problems
14.1    Using the Diagnostic Map
14.2    Getting Started
14.3    Solving Network Problems
14.4    Solving ATM Problems
14.4.1    Solving CLIP Problems
14.4.2    Solving LANE Problems
14.4.3    Solving IP Switching Problems
14.5    Solving DHCP Problems
14.6    Solving DNS/BIND Server Problems
14.7    Solving DNS/BIND Client Problems
14.8    Solving NIS Server Problems
14.9    Solving NIS Client Problems
14.10    Solving NFS Server Problems
14.11    Solving NFS Client Problems
14.12    Solving UUCP Problems
14.13    Solving NTP Problems
14.14    Solving SLIP Problems
14.15    Solving PPP Problems
14.16    Solving LAT Problems
14.17    Solving sendmail Problems
14.18    Solving POP and IMAP Problems
 
15    Using the Problem Solving Tools
15.1    Testing Access to Internet Network Hosts
15.2    Displaying and Modifying the Internet to Ethernet Translation Tables
15.3    Displaying a Datagrams's Route to a Network Host
15.4    Displaying Headers of Packets on the Network
15.5    Testing a UUCP Remote Connection
15.6    Monitoring a File Transfer
15.7    Viewing the Error Log File
15.8    Viewing the syslogd Daemon Message Files
 
16    Testing DNS Servers
16.1    Glossary
16.2    DNS Server Testing Worksheet
16.3    Starting the DNS Server Test
16.4    Determining the Server Type
16.5    Finding the Target Domain Information
16.6    Testing the Forwarders
16.7    Testing Slave Servers
16.8    Testing Master Servers
16.9    Tracing Information from the Root Name Server
16.10    Resolving Target Data
16.11    Finding the First Nonexistent Domain
 
17    Reporting Network Problems
17.1    Gathering Information
17.1.1    General Information
17.1.2    Hardware Architecture
17.1.3    Software Architecture
 
A    Monitoring the Network Interfaces
A.1    Monitoring the Ethernet Interface
A.2    Monitoring the FDDI Interface
A.2.1    FDDI Counters
A.2.2    FDDI Status
A.2.3    FDDI Characteristics
A.3    Monitoring the Token Ring Interface
A.3.1    Token Ring Counters
A.3.2    Token Ring and Host Information
 
B    Writing automount Maps
B.1    Substitution and Pattern Matching
B.2    Environment Variables
B.3    Mounting File Systems
B.3.1    Multiple Mounts
B.3.2    Shared Mounts
B.3.3    Replicated File Systems
 
C    NIS ypservers Update Scripts
C.1    Add Slave Server Script
C.2    Remove Slave Server Script
 
D    NFS Error Messages
D.1    Server Error Messages
D.2    Client Error Messages
D.2.1    Remote Mount Error Messages
D.2.2    automount Error Messages
D.2.3    Console Error Messages
 
E    uucp Messages
E.1    Status and Log File Messages
E.2    tip Error Messages
 
F    sendmail Error Messages
 
G    Host Resources MIB Implementation
G.1    Tru64 UNIX Implementation Summary
G.2    System Group
G.3    Storage Group
G.4    Device Tables
G.5    File System Table
G.6    Running Software Tables
 
H    Format of DNS Data File Entries
H.1    Format of DNS Resource Records
H.2    Description of Data File Entries
H.2.1    Include Entry
H.2.2    Origin Entry
H.2.3    Address Entry
H.2.4    Canonical Name Entry
H.2.5    Host Information Entry
H.2.6    Mailbox Entry
H.2.7    Mail Group Entry
H.2.8    Mailbox Information Entry
H.2.9    Mail Rename Entry
H.2.10    Mail Exchanger Entry
H.2.11    Name Server Entry
H.2.12    Domain Name Pointer Entry
H.2.13    Start of Authority Entry
H.2.14    Well Known Services Entry
 
Examples
6-1    Sample /etc/latstartup.conf File
B-1    Multiple Mounts in a Direct Map
B-2    Multiple Mounts and Shared Mounts in a Direct Map
B-3    Multiple Mounts, Shared Mounts, and Replicated File Systems in a Direct Map
B-4    Simple Indirect Map
B-5    Multiple Mounts in an Indirect Map
B-6    Multiple Mounts and Shared Mounts in an Indirect Map
B-7    Multiple Mounts, Shared Mounts, and Replicated File Systems in an Indirect Map
 
Figures
2-1    Sample Network Configuration
2-2    Interface and Daemon Worksheet
2-3    Network Files Worksheet
3-1    Classical IP over an ATM Network
3-2    Emulated LAN over an ATM Network
3-3    IP Switching over an ATM Network
3-4    ATM Setup Worksheet
3-5    ATM Classical IP Worksheet
3-6    ATM LAN Emulation Worksheet
3-7    ATM IP Switching Worksheet
4-1    DHCP Configuration (acme-net)
4-2    DHCP Server/Security Parameters Worksheet
4-3    Basic DHCP Parameters Worksheet
5-1    Sample Simple SLIP Configuration
5-2    SLIP Configuration with Gateway System
5-3    SLIP Setup Worksheet
5-4    Simple PPP Configurations
5-5    Network PPP Configuration
5-6    PPP Setup Worksheet
6-1    Sample LAT Network Configuration
6-2    LAT Setup Worksheet
7-1    Sample Small DNS Configuration
7-2    Sample Large DNS Configuration
7-3    DNS Setup Worksheet
8-1    NIS Configuration
8-2    NIS Setup Worksheet
9-1    NFS Setup Worksheet
10-1    Sample Simple UUCP Configuration
10-2    Sample UUCP Over TCP/IP Configuration
10-3    UUCP Setup Worksheet
10-4    UUCP Outgoing Systems Worksheet
10-5    UUCP Incoming Systems Worksheet
11-1    Sample NTP Configuration (Local Clock)
11-2    Sample NTP Configuration (Internet Source)
11-3    NTP Setup Worksheet
12-1    Sample Mail Standalone Configuration
12-2    Sample Mail Client/Server Configuration
12-3    Basic Mail Setup Worksheet
12-4    Mail Protocol Worksheet
12-5    Quota Roots
16-1    DNS Server Testing Worksheet
B-1    Sample automount Maps
 
Tables
2-1    Options to the netstat Command
2-2    Options to the fddi_config Command
2-3    Options to the srconfig Command
3-1    ATM Kernel Options
5-1    Types of Null Modem Cable
5-2    Mandatory startslip Subcommands
5-3    Optional startslip Subcommands
5-4    slhosts File Options
5-5    Modem Commands for Dial-Out Access
5-6    slhosts File Options
5-7    Types of Modem Cable
5-8    Modem Commands for Dial-In Access
6-1    LAT Parameters
8-1    NIS Map Information Commands
10-1    Additional uucpsetup Commands
11-1    Options to the ntpq Command
11-2    Options to the xntpdc Command
12-1    POP3 Files and Directories
12-2    Configuration Directory Contents
12-3    Mailbox Directory Contents
14-1    Problem Solving Starting Points
15-1    Options to the ping Command
15-2    Options to the traceroute Command
E-1    ASSERT Error Messages
 
Index